Since then, studies have employed smaller samples 6 and/or focused on specific questions such as comparing the phenomenology of AVHs to thoughts. 1, 4 Although AVH phenomenology was richly descriptively explored by Esquirol, Bleuler, and Kraepelin, 1 it was not until Nayani and David’s 5 seminal study that systematic, quantitative data on the phenomenology of AVHs (and nonverbal auditory hallucinations ), from a large sample of people with schizophrenia-spectrum diagnoses ( N = 100), became available. Insufficient knowledge of the phenomenology of AVHs forms one barrier to understanding and modeling the experience. 1 Because AVHs often persist when antipsychotic medication is administered, 2 there is a need to better understand their causal mechanisms and to translate this knowledge into improved interventions. Such experiences often cause significant distress, and when social/occupational impairment ensues, they will most commonly result in a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The causes of hearing a voice with a compelling sense of reality in the absence of an appropriate external stimulus, formally termed an auditory verbal hallucination (AVH), remain poorly understood. We propose that there are likely to be different neurocognitive processes underpinning these experiences, necessitating revised AH models. Cluster analysis, by variable, suggested the existence of 4 AH subtypes. New findings included that 39% of participants reported that their voices seemed in some way to be replays of memories of previous conversations they had experienced 45% reported that the general theme or content of what the voices said was always the same and 55% said new voices had the same content/theme as previous voices. Previous phenomenological findings were only partially replicated. We undertook the most comprehensive phenomenological study of AHs to date in a psychiatric population ( N = 199 81% people diagnosed with schizophrenia), using a structured interview schedule. The potential for overreliance on these findings, coupled with a lack of phenomenological research into many aspects of AHs relevant to contemporary neurocognitive models and the proposed (but largely untested) existence of AH subtypes, necessitates further research in this area. Yet, only 1 detailed study of the phenomenology of AHs with a sample size of N ≥ 100 has been published. A comprehensive understanding of the phenomenology of auditory hallucinations (AHs) is essential for developing accurate models of their causes.
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